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      當前(qian)建(jian)筑(zhu)行(xing)業(ye)競爭十分激烈，行(xing)業(ye)利潤(run)率越(yue)來越(yue)低，施工企(qi)(qi)業(ye)能否在市場(chang)上積極發展關(guan)鍵(jian)在于能否持續具有成(cheng)本(ben)優(you)勢。物資(zi)采購(gou)存在于工程建(jian)設(she)的各(ge)個階(jie)段，占工程建(jian)設(she)成(cheng)本(ben)的60%左右，不僅是(shi)施工企(qi)(qi)業(ye)進(jin)行(xing)工程建(jian)設(she)的基礎，也是(shi)控制成(cheng)本(ben)的關(guan)鍵(jian)點。

      一、供應鏈管理物(wu)資采購的(de)特點

      供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)企業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)學(xue)的(de)(de)核(he)心理(li)(li)(li)念是通(tong)(tong)過統一(yi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li),建(jian)(jian)立一(yi)個整體(ti)的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)企業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群,通(tong)(tong)過"信息共(gong)(gong)(gong)知、風險共(gong)(gong)(gong)擔、利益共(gong)(gong)(gong)享"的(de)(de)經營理(li)(li)(li)念,將整個供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)上下(xia)游企業(ye)(ye)看作(zuo)一(yi)個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)整體(ti),通(tong)(tong)過實(shi)現整體(ti)最(zui)(zui)優，最(zui)(zui)終提高整條企業(ye)(ye)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)的(de)(de)核(he)心競爭(zheng)力(li)和優勢。將建(jian)(jian)材(cai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)思想運用、融入(ru)到(dao)我國施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)企業(ye)(ye)各項物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)中(zhong),就是要求施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)企業(ye)(ye)以一(yi)套(tao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)信息管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)系統為業(ye)(ye)務(wu)核(he)心,與(yu)業(ye)(ye)內信譽良好、長期緊密合(he)作(zuo)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)生產廠家、經銷商(shang)等共(gong)(gong)(gong)同合(he)作(zuo)組成(cheng)一(yi)套(tao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)系統,將各項質量安全(quan)有(you)(you)(you)嚴格保證的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)在準確(que)的(de)(de)時間、以較(jiao)低(di)廉的(de)(de)價格,準確(que)無誤地配送到(dao)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)急需施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)地點。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)優化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)下(xia)戰略(lve)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)商(shang)品(pin)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)特點主要體(ti)現有(you)(you)(you):商(shang)品(pin)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)由物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)訂單需求驅(qu)動;與(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應商(shang)之(zhi)間建(jian)(jian)立長期性(xing)的(de)(de)戰略(lve)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴關系;采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)信息充(chong)分有(you)(you)(you)效流通(tong)(tong);各方利益充(chong)分共(gong)(gong)(gong)享,利益得到(dao)最(zui)(zui)大化(hua)。

      二、施(shi)工企(qi)業現行(xing)物資采購模式存在的問題

      當前，大多數施工企(qi)業(ye)就具體施工項目與(yu)物(wu)資(zi)供應商(shang)建立一次性買(mai)賣(mai)關(guan)系(xi)。物(wu)資(zi)采購的主要(yao)方式是招投(tou)標，企(qi)業(ye)將(jiang)主要(yao)精力(li)放在(zai)與(yu)物(wu)資(zi)供應商(shang)的交(jiao)易博弈上。在(zai)這(zhe)種采購模式下，施工企(qi)業(ye)物(wu)資(zi)采購往(wang)往(wang)存在(zai)以下問題：

      （一(yi)）材料采(cai)購信息不對(dui)稱(cheng)

      在傳統的(de)(de)物(wu)資采(cai)(cai)購模式下，施工企業(ye)為(wei)了(le)(le)掌握(wo)主動權，吸引更多競爭者參與，防(fang)止(zhi)供(gong)(gong)應商報價(jia)過高，對(dui)可能會使供(gong)(gong)應商產生(sheng)顧(gu)慮的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)合理保留。供(gong)(gong)應商為(wei)了(le)(le)在競爭中贏(ying)得機會，只向外界(jie)透露對(dui)自身有積極(ji)影響的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)，對(dui)一些不利的(de)(de)或者負面(mian)的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)行掩藏。這(zhe)就(jiu)使得雙方采(cai)(cai)購信(xin)息(xi)(xi)極(ji)易(yi)出現偏差，造成(cheng)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)不對(dui)稱，嚴重阻礙采(cai)(cai)購流程的(de)(de)順(shun)利高效(xiao)進(jin)行。

      （二(er)）物資采購價(jia)格往(wang)往(wang)不是(shi)最優(you)價(jia)格

      施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)與生(sheng)產廠家之(zhi)間是一(yi)種臨時(shi)(shi)買賣的(de)契(qi)約關系，生(sheng)產廠家提供(gong)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)不(bu)是最優惠的(de);經銷商雖然能夠(gou)取(qu)(qu)得較(jiao)大折扣，但給施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)報(bao)價(jia)中會增(zeng)加(jia)費(fei)用。施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)進行物資(zi)采購時(shi)(shi)，大都是以項目為基(ji)礎(chu)單位，同一(yi)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)不(bu)同項目分散采購，會被供(gong)應商當作不(bu)同客戶看待(dai)，無法取(qu)(qu)得以量換(huan)價(jia)的(de)優惠。

      （三）容易(yi)出現質(zhi)量風險和合(he)作糾紛

      傳統采購(gou)模式(shi)下(xia)，施(shi)(shi)工企(qi)業(ye)以價格(ge)為選取供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)的主要因素，供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)為了能(neng)夠中(zhong)標只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)壓低價格(ge)，導致質(zhi)量和(he)服(fu)務(wu)無法保證(zheng)。供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)在與施(shi)(shi)工企(qi)業(ye)合(he)作中(zhong)，通常只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)短暫合(he)作關系(xi)，將(jiang)簽(qian)約和(he)收款作為合(he)作目的，供(gong)需雙方只(zhi)(zhi)停留在眼前(qian)利益(yi)上，合(he)作糾(jiu)紛現(xian)象時(shi)常發生。同時(shi)，由于缺乏信任，一方突然出現(xian)的困難不能(neng)得(de)到(dao)另一方的理解和(he)支持，加劇雙方的矛盾(dun)。

      （四）容易出現供應緊張和漲價風(feng)險(xian)

      如果外部環(huan)境發生變(bian)化，導致市(shi)場(chang)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)求，廠商(shang)(shang)會(hui)優先對大客戶進行供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)，導致施(shi)工(gong)企業的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)無法得到保(bao)障。如果市(shi)場(chang)價(jia)格(ge)出(chu)現波動，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)會(hui)延(yan)遲供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)貨，趁機漲價(jia)或(huo)者索取更(geng)優的(de)付款條(tiao)件，施(shi)工(gong)企業為了不(bu)(bu)延(yan)誤工(gong)期或(huo)窩工(gong)，只能(neng)答應(ying)(ying)(ying)其相關要求。現階段由于原材(cai)料(liao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)緊(jin)(jin)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)及環(huan)保(bao)政策(ce)等(deng)因(yin)素(su)影響，鋼材(cai)、商(shang)(shang)砼、地材(cai)等(deng)施(shi)工(gong)大宗物資供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)緊(jin)(jin)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)情況時(shi)有發生，很多施(shi)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)出(chu)現停(ting)工(gong)待料(liao)的(de)現象，而且勞務人員(yuan)亦供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)求，停(ting)工(gong)待料(liao)又會(hui)進一步加劇勞務人員(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)緊(jin)(jin)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，給施(shi)工(gong)企業帶來不(bu)(bu)可估量的(de)損(sun)失。

      （五）供應(ying)商不能及時對需求做出響(xiang)應(ying)

      不可抗力、甲(jia)方(fang)要求、設(she)(she)計變更等均會(hui)導致(zhi)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)供需變化(hua)，進而影響(xiang)(xiang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)物資及設(she)(she)備的采購數量和規格發生變化(hua)。傳(chuan)統(tong)模(mo)式下，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)很少(shao)和供應商(shang)溝通，供應商(shang)很難對這些情(qing)況(kuang)提(ti)前預判和準(zhun)備，導致(zhi)不能及時(shi)響(xiang)(xiang)應，出現(xian)交(jiao)貨期延長的情(qing)況(kuang)，給工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度帶來影響(xiang)(xiang)。

      三(san)、基(ji)于(yu)供應鏈管理(li)的施工企業物資采(cai)購管理(li)優化(hua)對策

      （一）材(cai)料(liao)采(cai)購信息(xi)不對稱

      在我國，在進(jin)行施工(gong)物資采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中,實際上對(dui)(dui)于施工(gong)要(yao)能(neng)夠更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)掌握市場(chang)方向的(de)(de)主(zhu)導(dao)權,在這樣(yang)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia),才(cai)能(neng)夠更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)引入市場(chang)競爭者,積極參(can)與到其中,為了(le)防止很多供應商整體的(de)(de)報價(jia)過(guo)高,從而導(dao)致報價(jia)信(xin)息出現安全顧慮(lv)的(de)(de)現象,要(yao)能(neng)夠進(jin)行合理的(de)(de)保留(liu)解決(jue)。另外(wai),為了(le)能(neng)夠取得(de)一(yi)定的(de)(de)市場(chang)位置機會(hui)(hui),通常(chang)會(hui)(hui)向市場(chang)外(wai)界透露出一(yi)些對(dui)(dui)自身有積極影響(xiang)的(de)(de)商業信(xin)息,對(dui)(dui)一(yi)些不好(hao)的(de)(de)因(yin)素進(jin)行掩蓋(gai)。在這樣(yang)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia),就會(hui)(hui)使采(cai)購(gou)(gou)雙方對(dui)(dui)于采(cai)購(gou)(gou)人員的(de)(de)信(xin)息出現不同(tong),造成一(yi)定的(de)(de)信(xin)息采(cai)購(gou)(gou)不能(neng)夠完全對(dui)(dui)稱,從而會(hui)(hui)阻(zu)擋工(gong)作(zuo)流程(cheng)高效率的(de)(de)進(jin)行。

      （二(er)）供應鏈視(shi)角下的物資分類(lei)管理

      施(shi)工企業(ye)所需物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)種(zhong)類多(duo)，采購不確定性(xing)大(da)，科學分(fen)類是(shi)進行高(gao)(gao)效采購的(de)(de)前(qian)提。施(shi)工企業(ye)應(ying)(ying)(ying)根據物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)重要性(xing)和物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)風險(xian)程度對所需物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)進行分(fen)類管理。針(zhen)對物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)占比(bi)大(da)且(qie)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)風險(xian)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)重點關注評價指標合理的(de)(de)廠(chang)(chang)家(jia);物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)占比(bi)大(da)且(qie)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)風險(xian)低(di)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)，廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)選(xuan)取側重于(yu)成本控制能(neng)力(li);針(zhen)對物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)占比(bi)小、供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)風險(xian)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)，選(xuan)取廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)側重點在(zai)于(yu)抗風險(xian)能(neng)力(li)等(deng)。

      （三(san)）整合(he)資源集中采購

      施工企業將各所(suo)屬項(xiang)目(mu)部分散的需求(qiu)集中(zhong)整合，形成(cheng)集中(zhong)、批量、穩定的物(wu)資需求(qiu)，有利于吸(xi)引行業優質供應商(shang)，取得較大的價格折(zhe)扣，以量換價。同(tong)時(shi)規范采(cai)購(gou)行為、保證物(wu)資質量、保障及時(shi)供應，減少物(wu)資采(cai)購(gou)頻(pin)次(ci)和環節。通過集中(zhong)采(cai)購(gou)，與符合要求(qiu)的供應商(shang)建立長期(qi)戰略合作伙伴關系，可(ke)以在很大程度(du)上降低交易費(fei)用(yong)，有助于保持自身價格的競爭力(li)，同(tong)時(shi)可(ke)以做到對需求(qiu)的快速響應。

      （四）構(gou)建物資采購信息化(hua)平(ping)臺(tai)

      施(shi)工(gong)項目工(gong)序(xu)多、材(cai)料品類(lei)多且大(da)都對(dui)(dui)工(gong)期(qi)要(yao)求(qiu)嚴(yan)格，因此，對(dui)(dui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)性、準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)性和(he)供(gong)(gong)貨(huo)周期(qi)會有很(hen)高(gao)要(yao)求(qiu)。施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)注重物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)建設，納入物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息、業(ye)(ye)(ye)務流程、跟蹤(zong)管理等環(huan)節(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)各相(xiang)關(guan)部門及(ji)(ji)外(wai)部供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商，使整個(ge)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)中的(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)信(xin)息能(neng)夠高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)共享(xiang)和(he)同步(bu)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部而言，物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)臺(tai)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)精簡企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部信(xin)息傳(chuan)遞環(huan)節(jie)、加快信(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)遞速度(du)、提高(gao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率，有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)避免(mian)大(da)量(liang)紙質版材(cai)料及(ji)(ji)排隊簽字(zi)現象(xiang)。通(tong)過(guo)互(hu)聯網平(ping)臺(tai)，所有采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)程序(xu)均在(zai)(zai)網上(shang)進(jin)行(xing)，施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)隨時(shi)(shi)監控采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)各環(huan)節(jie)行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)規性及(ji)(ji)透明性。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)外(wai)部供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商，物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)臺(tai)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)促進(jin)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息在(zai)(zai)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)上(shang)下游企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)傳(chuan)遞，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商能(neng)夠及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)了解(jie)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)情(qing)況(kuang)，并(bing)且根(gen)據工(gong)程要(yao)求(qiu)迅速對(dui)(dui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)需求(qiu)做(zuo)出準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)響應(ying)(ying)，外(wai)部供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商可以(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)過(guo)信(xin)息平(ping)臺(tai)進(jin)一步(bu)了解(jie)工(gong)程進(jin)度(du)情(qing)況(kuang)，并(bing)提前謀劃、合(he)(he)理排產、優化(hua)(hua)(hua)送貨(huo)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、送貨(huo)批量(liang)、運輸(shu)方(fang)式，以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)保證供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)，降(jiang)低供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)成本。施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)也可以(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)過(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)臺(tai)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)追蹤(zong)相(xiang)關(guan)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)生產、物(wu)(wu)(wu)流情(qing)況(kuang)。

      （五）供應商的早(zao)期和過(guo)程參與

      專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)、具備專業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術服(fu)務優勢的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)供(gong)應(ying)商,一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)以在項(xiang)目投(tou)標(biao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)階段定(ding)(ding)期(qi),提(ti)供(gong)有(you)(you)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術信息以及(ji)資料(liao)(liao)可(ke)以供(gong)投(tou)標(biao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方和企業(ye)(ye)操作參考,有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)甚至可(ke)以定(ding)(ding)期(qi)提(ti)出(chu)一(yi)(yi)套(tao)有(you)(you)關施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)成本、質量、規格(ge)或(huo)產品生(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)(gong)藝等(deng)(deng)多方面的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術改(gai)進指導意見,對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)雙方均(jun)衡都有(you)(you)很大(da)經(jing)濟益處(chu)。在項(xiang)目施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)經(jing)營過程(cheng)中,引入(ru)長期(qi)戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)合作或(huo)與(yu)供(gong)應(ying)商共同(tong)合作參與(yu)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)目,建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中此類價(jia)格(ge)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)實(shi)(shi)際消耗(hao)量和材(cai)料(liao)(liao)消耗(hao)費的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)額平(ping)均(jun)占比很大(da),市(shi)場材(cai)料(liao)(liao)價(jia)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)幅波動往(wang)往(wang)會直(zhi)接導致實(shi)(shi)際采購(gou)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)價(jia)格(ge)發生(sheng)(sheng)變化(hua),從而(er)給整個(ge)建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術成本計算帶來一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)資供(gong)應(ying)商,通(tong)常對(dui)(dui)公司所(suo)處(chu)供(gong)應(ying)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟宏觀(guan)政(zheng)策、原材(cai)料(liao)(liao)需求供(gong)應(ying)、市(shi)場需求等(deng)(deng)情況(kuang),有(you)(you)密(mi)切的(de)(de)(de)高度關注,對(dui)(dui)所(suo)處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)應(ying)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)資市(shi)場價(jia)格(ge)持(chi)續(xu)波動的(de)(de)(de)短期(qi)預(yu)判,也具有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)技(ji)術優勢。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)建材(cai)企業(ye)(ye)采購(gou),通(tong)過與(yu)其緊(jin)密(mi)合作戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)伙伴(ban)合作,可(ke)以有(you)(you)效優化(hua)建材(cai)采購(gou)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)時間和地點,通(tong)過實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)價(jia)采購(gou)和實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)提(ti)前(qian)出(chu)貨鎖(suo)價(jia)等(deng)(deng)采購(gou)策略(lve),達到有(you)(you)效降低建材(cai)采購(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)成本、減少(shao)建材(cai)價(jia)格(ge)持(chi)續(xu)波動產生(sheng)(sheng)風(feng)險的(de)(de)(de)采購(gou)目的(de)(de)(de)。

      四、總結

      供應(ying)鏈(lian)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)新思維下(xia),施(shi)(shi)工(gong)物(wu)資(zi)(zi)企業(ye)也需要(yao)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)改變(bian)傳統與(yu)其他物(wu)資(zi)(zi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)非正(zheng)式(shi)信息對(dui)(dui)稱戰略(lve)關系,通過(guo)(guo)與(yu)物(wu)資(zi)(zi)供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)共(gong)同構建(jian)長期性的(de)(de)戰略(lve)物(wu)資(zi)(zi)合作伙伴聯盟關系,來不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提升企業(ye)整(zheng)體的(de)(de)市(shi)場競爭力。同時(shi)(shi),需要(yao)特別注意的(de)(de)一(yi)點是,供應(ying)鏈(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)應(ying)用也是實時(shi)(shi)動(dong)態(tai)的(de)(de),施(shi)(shi)工(gong)監理(li)企業(ye)也需要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)加(jia)強對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)履(lv)約(yue)情況監控和績(ji)效(xiao)評(ping)價,根(gen)據(ju)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)履(lv)約(yue)績(ji)效(xiao)表現,提出不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)改進(jin)履(lv)約(yue)期望和改善要(yao)求,推動(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)改善提升質量管(guan)理(li)水平、改善施(shi)(shi)工(gong)供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)績(ji)效(xiao),確保供應(ying)鏈(lian)全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)正(zheng)常高效(xiao)運行。